SOCIAL DIMENSIONS OF CAREER ORIENTATION IN PRE-UNIVERSITY EDUCATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47743/asas-2023-1-724Keywords:
career choices, career orientation, gender stereotypes regarding jobsAbstract
The social dimensions of career choices represent a theme that is discussed internationally, having however only a few research in Romania. In the present article, I wish to examine to which degree social factors influence school and job-related decisions, on a sample consisting of last year's high school students from Hunedoara County. The present study is quantitative, not experimental, done by applying an online questionnaire and manipulating the results in SPSS. Association analyses and a univariate Chi-Square test have been used for testing the hypotheses. The results have indicated major differences between the level of satisfaction concerning career orientation counselling between boys and girls, 11th-grade students and 12th-grade students and the 3 high schools in which the questionnaire was done. Moreover, there is a significant statistical correlation between gender stereotypes regarding jobs and the educational path chosen by the students. An extra conclusion of the study is that career choices are not a result of an orientation process that is happening in schools, but significant influence upon such decisions belongs to the parents.
References
A.L.E.G. (2019). GenderEd: Combaterea stereotipurilor de gen în educație și în orientare profesională, Analiză privind stereotipurile de gen în educație și orientare profesională în România. Asociația ALEG
Bucur, M., Miroiu, M. (2018). Nașterea cetățeniei democratice. Femeile și puterea în România modernă, Editura Humanitas
Bourdieu, P. (1998/2017). Dominația masculină. (Trad. B. Ghiu). București: Editura Art
EURYDICE (2010). Gender Differences in Educational Outcomes: Study on the Measures Taken and the Current Situation in Europe. © Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency
European Commission. (2017). Report on Equality between Women and Men in the EU. European Union
European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE). (2020). Gender Equality Index 2020. https://eige.europa.eu/gender-equality-index/2022
Dumitru, I. Al. (2008). Consiliere psihopedagogică. Baze teoretice si sugestii practice. Iași: Editura Polirom
Grünberg, L., (coord.), Rusu, A., Samoilă, E. (2019). Barometrul de gen. România 2018, Editura Hecate.
Han, S.W., Borgonovi, F., & Guerriero, S. (2020). Why don’t more boys want to become teachers? The effect of a gendered profession on students’ career expectations. International Journal of Educational Research. 103, 101645.
Hyde, J. S. (2005). The gender similarities hypothesis. American Psychologist, 60(6), 581–592.
Hooley, T., Sultana, R.G., & Thomsen, R. (Eds.). (2017). Career Guidance for Social Justice: Contesting Neoliberalism (1st ed.). Routledge.
Institutul de Științe ale Educației, UNICEF-Reprezentanța în România. (2004). Perspective asupra dimensiunii de gen în educație, MarLink.
Nesse Network of Experts. (2009). Gender and Education (and Employment): Gendered imperatives and their implications for women and men.
OECD. (2018). Drawing the Future. OECD Publishing
OECD. (2019). Dream Jobs Teenagers' Career Aspirations and the Future of Work. http://www.oecd.org/education/dream-jobs-teenagers-career-aspirations-and-the-future-of-work.htm
OECD. (2021). How schools can help protect young people in a recession, OECD Education Policy Perspectives, No. 30, OECD Publishing.
Oliveira, Í.M., Porfeli, E.J., do Céu Taveira, M. and Lee, B. (2020), Children's Career Expectations and Parents' Jobs: Intergenerational (Dis)continuities. The Career Development Quarterly, 68: 63-77.
Petersen, J., Hyde, J.S. (2014). Gender-Related Academic and Occupational Interests and Goals, in Liben L. & Bigler R. (Eds.), The Role of Gender in Educational Contexts and Outcomes, Advances in Child Development and Behavior, JAI, Volume 47, Pages 43-76,
Ridgeway, C. (2011). Framed by Gender. How Gender Inequality Persists in the Modern World. Oxford University Press
Su, R., Rounds, J., & Armstrong, P. I. (2009). Men and things, women and people: A meta-analysis of sex differences in interests. Psychological Bulletin, 135(6), 859–884.
Zell, E., Krizan, Z., & Teeter, S. R. (2015). Evaluating Gender Similarities and Differences Using Meta-synthesis. American Psychologist, 70 (1), 10-20.
***, Anexa II la Ordinul comun M.E.C.T.S.- M.M.F.P.S. nr.4469/ 12.06.2012/nr.1804/03.07.2012
***, Eurostat ( 2017). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/equality/overview