EXPECTATIONS FOR THE FUTURE, LIFE SKILLS AND SELF-ESTEEM OF YOUTH LEAVING THE CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47743/asas-2022-2-698Rezumat
Tinerii care părăsesc sistemul de protecţie a copilului se confruntă cu multiple provocări, parte dintre ele datorate abilităţilor de viaţă insuficient dezvoltate, precum și unor particularităţi psihologice aflate în legătură cu acestea. Contextul particular în care ei au crescut își pune amprenta asupra încrederii pe care ei o au într-un viitor bun.
Prezentul studiu își propune să exploreze în ce măsură așteptările de la viitor ale acestor tineri sunt pozitive sau negative, precum și relaţia acestor așteptări cu nivelul de dezvoltare al abilităţilor de viaţă, cu percepţia tinerilor cu privire la propria eficacitate, precum și cu nivelul stimei de sine, fiind utilizată pentru prima dată pe populaţie românească scala Ansell-Casey Life Skills Assessment 3.0, forma scurtă. Cercetarea a avut un design exploratoriu, cantitativ, și a presupus aplicarea unui chestionar online la un număr de 92 de tineri, cu vârste între 18 și 26 de ani care beneficiază de măsură de protecţie specială în România.
Rezultatele studiului arată că percepţia optimistă asupra propriului viitor a tinerilor care urmează să părăsească sistemul de protecţie a copilului corelează pozitiv cu un nivel crescut al stimei de sine, al autoeficienţei percepute, precum și cu al nivelului autoestimat de dezvoltare al abilităţilor de viaţă. In concluzie, pregătirea pentru viata independentă a tinerilor crescuţi în sistemul de protecţie a copilului necesită atenţie atât pentru formarea abilităţilor de viaţă, cât și pe dezvoltare stimei de sine și a abilităţilor de rezolvare de probleme, astfel încât aceștia să privească cu speranţă către propriul viitor.
Referințe
Anton, S. G., Medeleanu, C. N., & Petrișor, M.-B. (2020). Ghid pentru angajare 2020+ [Employment guide 2020+]. Editura Universităţii „Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Iași .
ANPDCA. (2022, 10 7). Prezentare generală sistem de protecţie specială. Retrieved from Autoritatea Naţională pentru Protecţia Drepturilor Copilului și Adopţie: https://copii.gov.ro/1/date-statistice-copii-si-adoptii/
Bandura, A. &. (1995). Self-efficacy in changing societies. Cambridge University Press.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman.
Bartoszuk, K. &. (2011). Characteristics and perceptions of 4-H participants: Gender and age differences across adolescence). Journal of Extension [On-line], 49(3), Article 3FEA6. Retrieved from http://www.joe.org/joe/2011june/a6.php
Baumeister, R. F. (2003). Does high self-esteem cause better performance, interpersonal success, happiness, or healthier lifestyles? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4, 1-44.
Bressani, R. V. (2002). Youth independent living assessment: testing the equivalence of web and paper/pencil versions of the Ansell–Casey Life Skills Assessment. 18(4), 453–464. doi:doi:10.1016/s0747-5632(01)00053-x
Casey Family Programs. (2022, 01 25). Casey Life Skills. Practitioner's Guide. Retrieved 09 08, 2022, from casey.org: http://www.casey.org/media/CLS_project_ PracticeGuide.pdf
Ciarrochi, J. H. (2007). The impact of hope, self-esteem, and attributional style on adolescents’ school grades and emotional well-being: A longitudinal study. Journal of Research in Personality, 41(6), 1161-1178.
Corman, S. (2010). Difficulties and risks in the intervention of the staff employed within the social assistance departments of the local public administration, Scientific Annals of the „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Iasi. New Series. Sociology and Social Work Section, Tom 13(2), 67 - 74.
Courtney, M. (2009). The Difficult Transition to Adulthood for Foster Youth in the US: Implications for the State as Corporate Parent. Social policy report / Society for Research in Child Development(23), 3-18. doi:10.1002/j.2379-3988.2009.tb00058.x.
Courtney, M. E.-K. (2001). Foster youth transitions to adulthood: A longitudinal view of youth leaving care. Child welfare, 685-717.
Donald, J. N. (2017). A worthy self is a caring self: Examining the developmental relations between self-esteem and self-compassion in adolescents. Journal of Personality, 86(4), 619-630.
Dworsky, A. &. (2009). Homelessness and the transition from foster care to adulthood. Child Welfare, 23-56.
Freundlich, M. A. (2006). The meaning of permanency in child welfare: Multiple stakeholder perspectives. . Children and Youth Services Review, 28(7), 741-760.
Gould, D. &. (2008). Life skills development through sport: Current status and future directions. International review of sport and exercise psychology, 1(1), 58-78.
Guvernul României. (2022, 04 12). HOTĂRÂRE nr. 440 din 30 martie 2022 pentru aprobarea Strategiei naţionale privind incluziunea socială și reducerea sărăciei pentru perioada 2022-2027. Monitorul oficila nr. 359.
Haas, B. E. (2015). The Effects of Age, Gender, and 4-H Involvement on Life Skill Development. The Journal of Extension,, 53(3), Article 28. Retrieved from https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/joe/vol53/iss3/28
Hodge, K. D. (2013). Developing a Conceptual Framework for Life Skills Interventions. The Counseling Psychologist, 41(8), pp. 1125–1152. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000012462073
Ihara, E. S.-B. (2012). Quality of Life and Life Skill Baseline Measures of Urban Adolescents with Disabilities. Social Work in Public Health,, 27(7), 658–670.
Irimescu, G. (2017). Parentality. parentification. parenting. parent. the 4 p in relation to the emotional development of children. Scientific Annals of the „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Iasi. New Series. Sociology and Social Work Section, Tom III, 3(1), 181 - 89.
Jerusalem, M. &. (1995). Self-efficacy in stressful life transitions. In A. Bandura, Self-efficacy in changing societies (pp. 177-201). Cambridge university Press.
Kerman, B. F. (2009). Achieving permanence for older children and youth in foster care. New York, Chichester, West Sussex: Columbia University Press.
Kessler, R. C. (2009, June 15). Working Paper No. 7: The effects of foster care experiences on alumni outcomes: A multivariate analysis. Retrieved 10 01, 2022, from http://www.casey.org/research
Leve, L. D. (2012). Practitioner Review: Children in foster care - vulnerabilities and evidence-based interventions that promote resilience processes. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(12), 1197-1211.
Medeleanu, C. N. & Moron, N. (2022). Strategies for improving transition from one school cycle to the next. International Journal of Social and Educational Innovation, 9 (1), 53-68.
Ministerul Muncii și Justiţiei Sociale. (2019, 02 11). Ordin Nr. 25/2019 din 3 ianuarie 2019 privind aprobarea standardelor minime de calitate pentru serviciile sociale de tip rezidenţial destinate copiilor din sistemul de protecţie specială. Monitorul oficial nr. 102b.
Neff, K. D. (2009). Self-Compassion Versus Global Self-Esteem: Two Different Ways of Relating to Oneself. Journal of Personality, 77(1), 23-50.
Nollan KA, W. M. (2000). Ready or not: assessing youths' preparedness for independent living. Child Welfare, 79(2), 159-176.
Nollan, K. A. (2002). Ansell-Casey Life Skills Assessment (ACLSA) and Lifeskills Guidebook Manual. Seattle, WA: The Casey Family Program. Retrieved 09 09, 2022, from http://www.njacyf.org/main/pdf/ansell_casey_lifebook.pdf
Nollan, K. P. (2002). Risk and protective factorsinfluencing life skills among youthsin long-term foster care. International Journal of Child & Family Welfare,(1-2), 3-17.
Parlamentul României. (2014, 03 5). Legea nr. 272 / 2004 cu privire la protecţia copilului, republicată. Monitorul Oficial nr. 159.
Pecora, P. J. (2009). What works in foster care?: Key components of success from the northwest foster care alumni study. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Robu, V. (2013). Assessing self-esteem among adolescents. Psychometric properties of the rosenberg self-esteem scale. Revista știinţifico-practică de psihologie(2), 3-13. Retrieved 09 08, 2022, from https://ibn.idsi.md/sites/default/files/imag_file/Evaluarea%20stimei%20de%20sine%20in%20rindul%20adolescentilor.pdf
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the Adolescent Self-Image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Schwarzer, R. &. (1995). Generalized Self-Efficacy scale. In S. W. J. Weinman, Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio. Causal and control beliefs (pp. 35-37). Windsor, UK: NFER-NELSON.
Sherer, M. M.-D. (1982). The self-efficacy scale: Construction and validation. Psychological reports, 51(2), 663-671.
Snyder, C. R. (1991). The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(4), 570-585.
Snyder, C. R. (2000). Handbook of hope: Theory, measures, and applications. . Academic press.
Stănculescu, M. G.-C. (2017). Romania: Children in Public Care 2014. București: Banca Mondială și UNICEF. Retrieved 10 3, 2022, from https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/908641501687236706/pdf/117869-PUB-ROMANIAN-P147269-584p-RomaniaChildreninPublicCareRO.pdf
Tomás, J. M. (2019). The effects of self‐efficacy, hope, and engagement on the academic achievement of secondary education in the Dominican Republic. Psychology in the Schools, 1-13. doi:doi:10.1002/pits.22321
University of Hawai'i, Center of the Family. (2012, fall). Improving Outcomes for Youth Transitioning Out of Foster Care. Retrieved 09 14, 2022, from Center of the Family: https://uhfamily.hawaii.edu/sites/uhfamily.hawaii.edu/files/publications/ImpOutcomesYouthFosterCare.pdf
Vasiliu, D., & Pascal-Marinescu, D. A. (2015, mai). Evaluarea autoeficacităţii. Proprietăţi psihometrice pentru self-efficacy scales: SES. Revista de studii psihologice(2), 210-222.
Wittevrongel, K., Mitchell, W., Hébert, M. L., & Nicholas, D. B. (2022). Krystle Wittevrongel, Wendy Acceptability of employment readiness measures in youth and young adults on the autism spectrum: a mixed-methods study. Disability and Rehabilitation,, 44(16), 4319-4331. doi:, DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1902578
World Health Organization. Division of Mental Health. (1994). Life skills education for children and adolescents in schools. Geneva: World Health Organization.
