Evidence-Based Interventions for Aggressive Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Cuvinte cheie:
metode de intervenţie fundamentate ştiinţific, dizabilităţi din spectrul autist, abilităţi curiculare şi comportamentale.Rezumat
La modul general, metodele de intervenţie fundamentate ştiinţific/ evidence-based interventions (EBI) sunt acele metode sau practici care s-au dovedit eficiente în îmbunătăţirea rezultatelor în plan curicular şi comportamental ale tuturor elevilor. Iniţial, EBI au aparut cu precădere în arii precum medicina sau psihologia clinică, extinzându-se în zona psihologiei educaţionale în anii ‘90. În Statele Unite, şcolile sunt obligate prin două legi, Actul Educaţional al Persoanelor cu Dizabilităţi/ Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) şi Actul Fiecare Elev Reuşeşte, Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), să folosească metode de însuşire a abilităţilor curiculare şi comportamentale fundamentate ştiinţific pentru a întâmpina nevoile tuturor elevilor. Începand cu 2008, s-a înregistrat o creştere semnificativă a cercetărilor în domeniul intervenţiilor axate pe nevoile elevilor cu dizabilităţi din spectrul autist (ASD). Din ce în ce mai multe practici s-au dovedit ca fiind fundamentate ştiinţific, în timp ce unele sunt considerate doar ca fiind potenţial eficiente (Smith & Iadarola, 2015). Centrul National pentru Dezvoltare Profesională în Dizabilităţile din Spectrul Autist/ The National Professional Development Center (NPDC) on Autism Spectrum Disorder evidenţiază un număr de 27 de metode de intervenţie fundamentate ştiinţific adresate elevilor cu dizabilităţi din spectrul autist.Referințe
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