RESILIENCE AND VULNERABILITY: COMPETING SOCIAL PARADIGMS?
Cuvinte cheie:
asistenţă socială, vulnerabilitate, paradigmă socială, coping, rezilienţă, empowerment, transformareRezumat
Pe parcursul ultimelor decenii s-a dezvoltat o amplă dezbatere in jurul unui nou concept: cel de rezilienţă. Prin studiul nostru evidenţiem trasee ale rezilienţei, cu impact asupra asistenţei sociale, în relaţie cu vulnerabilitatea. Vulnerabilitatea văzută ca paradigmă cheie în asistenţa socială, este concurată acum de abordări postmoderne, care accentuează abilitatea individuală, de grup, comunitară, de a face faţă dificultăţilor, de a se adapta, de a se transforma. Traseul principal este cel care schimbă o abordare centrată pe probleme cu una a transformării. De la o caracteristică relativ stabilă, aşa cum o considerau primii specialişti care au abordat această temă, rezilienţa este abordată acum prin cercetări care evidenţiază importanţa contextului, timpului, vârstei, genului, experienţelor culturale, într-o perspectivă multidimensională. De la un interes pentru o trăsătură generală, dezvoltată în diferite contexte, rezilienţa este studiată, în aceste a doua, respectiv a treia generaţie de cercetări, în raport cu diferite grupuri ţintă şi situaţii sociale. În ciuda unui interes major de care se bucură acum, rezilienţa rămâne un concept complex, dificil de armonizat în spaţii şi culturi globale. Alături de vulnerabilitate, uneori în concurenţă cu aceasta, rezilienţa continuă să se dezvolte ca o nouă paradigmă importantă în domeniul protecţiei sociale.Referințe
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