HEALTH CAPABILITY: AN ATTEMPT TO CLARIFY AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH FOR HEALTH SOCIOLOGY
Mots-clés :
Approche par la capabilité, Santé, Qualité de vieRésumé
Comprendre la santé est un enjeu majeur pour les sciences humaines et sociales. La définition traditionnellement retenue pour la définir remontant à 1948, il est devenu nécessaire de repenser ce concept. L'approche par la capabilité interroge ce que les gens sont réellement en mesure de faire et d‟être, étant données les opportunités réellement à leur disposition. Dans le domaine de la santé, des chercheurs en éthique et en économie ont adopté cette approche pour évaluer la capacité de faire des choix éclairés et proposer des indicateurs plus larges pour évaluer les interventions. Enfin, le récent « paradigme de la capabilité de santé » (Ruger, 2010) a tenté de mettre au jour les dimensions qui sous-tendent la capacité à atteindre un état de santé optimal. Paradoxalement, et ceci malgré l'importance indéniable de ce concept, aucune étude n'a encore proposé son opérationnalisation. Nos objectifs ont été de présenter l'approche par la capabilité en décrivant ses principes généraux, décrire une sélection d'études qui se sont appuyées sur cette approche dans le domaine de la santé, analyser le paradigme de Ruger et proposer les perspectives de recherche qu‟offre ce paradigme.Références
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