ROMANIA'S PROGRESS IN IMPLEMENTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL 8 OF THE 2030 AGENDA. A STATISTICAL ASSESSMENT
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.47743/asas-2024-2-766Mots-clés :
Agenda 2030, développement durable, travail, emploi, chômage, croissance économique.Résumé
Initialement, le développement durable était considéré comme une réponse à la crise écologique causée par l’exploitation industrielle intensive des ressources et la dégradation continue de l’environnement, avec un accent particulier sur la préservation de la qualité environnementale. Au fil du temps, le concept s’est élargi pour inclure la notion complexe de qualité de vie, intégrant des dimensions sociales, culturelles, politiques et économiques. Au cœur de ce concept, la durabilité reconnaît la dépendance des activités humaines vis-à-vis de l’environnement et de ses ressources. Des éléments clés tels que la santé, la sécurité sociale et la stabilité macro-économique sont essentiels pour garantir une qualité de vie élevée. L’Agenda 2030 pour le Développement Durable, intitulé Transformer notre monde, a été adopté par l’Assemblée générale des Nations Unies le 25 septembre 2015, avec le soutien des dirigeants de 193 pays. Ce cadre actualise la vision du développement durable à travers 17 Objectifs de Développement Durable (ODD) et 169 cibles spécifiques. La Roumanie, en tant que signataire, met en œuvre depuis 2018 sa Stratégie nationale de développement durable (2018-2030). Ce travail adopte une approche exploratoire visant à examiner les progrès réalisés dans l’accomplissement de l’ODD 8 – Travail décent et croissance économique – aux niveaux mondial, européen et national. Pour analyser les progrès de la Roumanie vers l’atteinte de l’ODD 8, nous utiliserons des méthodes statistiques descriptives et une analyse en composantes principales. Les données, couvrant les années 2008-2023, proviennent de l’Institut national de la statistique et d’Eurostat. Les résultats de cette étude visent à soutenir l’évaluation et le suivi des progrès de la Roumanie dans le cadre de l’ODD 8 et à orienter les stratégies et politiques publiques visant à promouvoir un travail décent et une croissance économique.
Références
Bieszk-Stolorz, B., & Dmytrów, K. (2023). "Decent Work and Economic Growth in EU Countries—Static and Dynamic Analyses of Sustainable Development Goal 8." Sustainability, 15(18), 13327, 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813327.
Carlsen, L. (2021). "Decent work and economic growth in the European Union. A partial order analysis of Eurostat SDG 8 data". Green Finance, 3(4), 483-494. https://doi.org/10.3934/GF.2021022
Chigbu, B. I., & Nekhwevha, F. (2023). "Exploring the concepts of decent work through the lens of SDG 8: addressing challenges and inadequacies". Frontiers in Sociology, 8, 1266141, https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2023.1266141.
Culic, Irina (2004). Metode avansate în cercetarea socială. Editura Polirom, Iași.
Departamentul de Dezvoltare Durabilă/ Sustainable Development Department (2018). Strategia națională pentru dezvoltarea durabilă a României 2030, https://durabila.smart-ideas.ro/public/uploads/files/Romania-Sustainable-Development-Strategy-2030-en.pdf, last accessed December 2024.
European Commission (2024). Sustainable Development Goals, https://international-partnerships.ec.europa.eu/policies/sustainable-development-goals_en, last accessed December 2024.
European Commission (2024). EU approach to SDGs implementation, https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/sustainable-development-goals/eu-approach-sdgs-implementation_en, last accessed December 2024.
European Commission (2019). Factsheet: Towards a Sustainable Europe by 2030, https://commission.europa.eu/document/a47339bc-124c-446b-b286-aa4dc0f6fc90_en, last accessed December 2024.
European Commission (2017). European Consensus on Development in 2017, https://international-partnerships.ec.europa.eu/policies/european-development-policy/european-consensus-development_en, last accessed December 2024.
Eurostat (2024). SDG 8 - Decent work and economic growth, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=SDG_8_-_Decent_work_and_economic_growth, last accessed December 2024.
United Nations (2024). Paris Agreement on Climate Change, https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement, last accessed December 2024.
Iftimoaei, C., Vevera, A.-V. (2024). "Enabling digital education: from official statistics to public policy", International Conference on Virtual Learning, vol. 19, pp. 247-262, https://doi.org/10.58503/icvl-v19y202421.
Iftimoaei, C., & Gabor, V. R. (2021). "Identity And Gender Equality In Romania A Quantitative Assessment From The Perspective Of The 2030 Agenda For Sustainable Development". Scientific Annals Of The “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Iaşi. New Series Sociology And Social Work Section, 14(2), https://doi.org/10.47743/asas-2021-2-666.
Iftimoaei, C. (2021). "Social economy in the context of sustainable development". Revista Economia Socială, 1(1), 57-69, https://alaturidevoi.ro/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Revista-Economia-Sociala-nr.-1.pdf.
Institutul Național de Statistică/ National Institute of Statistics (2024). TEMPO – Online, http://statistici.insse.ro:8077/tempo-online/#/pages/tables/insse-table, last accessed December 2024.
Kreinin, H., & Aigner, E. (2021). From "Decent work and economic growth to Sustainable work and economic degrowth: a new framework for SDG 8". Empirica, 49(2), 281-311, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10663-021-09526-5.
Martín Blanco, Cathaysa Esther & Zamorano, Montserrat & Lizarraga, Carmen & Molina-Moreno, Valentín. (2022). "The Impact of COVID-19 on the Sustainable Development Goals: Achievements and Expectations." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 19. 16266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316266.
Pintilescu, Carmen (2022). Analiza statistică a datelor ȋn SPSS şi ȋn R. Editura Sedcom Libris, Iaşi.
Reștea, Kristina (2023). "Câți români trăiesc cu salariul minim în România și care sunt domeniile în care se câștigă acestea", platforma Economedia, https://economedia.ro/analiza-cati-romani-traiesc-cu-salariul-minim-in-romania-si-care-sunt-domeniile-in-care-se-castiga-acestea.html, last accessed December 2024.
Lapinskaitė, I., & Vidžiūnaitė, S. (2020). "Assessment of the sustainable economic development goal 8: decent work and economic growth in g20 countries". Sciendo. Economics And Culture 17(1), https://doi.org/10.2478/jec-2020-0011.
United Nations (2024). The Sustainable Development Goals Report, https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2024/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Report-2024.pdf, last accessed December 2024.
United Nations (2015). Sustainable Development Goals, https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/development-agenda, last accessed December 2024.
United Nations (2000). World Summit on Sustainable Development, 26 August-4 September 2002, Johannesburg, https://www.un.org/en/conferences/environment/johannesburg2002, last accessed December 2024.
United Nations (1972). United Nations Millennium Declaration, https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/united-nations-millennium-declaration, last accessed December 2024.
United Nations (1972). United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, 5-16 June 1972, Stockholm, https://www.un.org/en/conferences/environment/stockholm1972.
Rai, S.M., Benjamin, Brown, B.D, Ruwanpura, K.N. (2019). "SDG 8: Decent work and economic growth – A gendered analysis", World Development, Volume 113, 2019, Pages 368-380, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.09.006.
România Durabilă (2024). Agregator de date statistice în domeniul dezvoltării durabile, http://agregator.romania-durabila.gov.ro, last accessed December 2024.
Skvarciany, V., & Astike, K. (2022). "Decent work and economic growth: Case of EU". 12th International Scientific Conference Business and Management, May 12–13, 2022, Vilnius, Lithuania, https://doi.org/10.3846/bm.2022.916 .