On the Value of „Common Sense” as a Means of Detecting Misinformation
Keywords:
common sense, misinformation, disinformation, journalistic discourse, information freedomAbstract
The optimism with which the development of major Web 2.0 platforms was greeted in the first decade of the 21st century has been progressively replaced by skepticism and even by major concerns about the ability of new media oligopolies to seize control over public discourse and to use it without much consideration for the public good. Nowadays, the topic of „fake news” creates obsessive anxiety. Various experts and numerous organizations were called upon to contribute to speech verification and control initiatives promoted by the public authority. However, the fact that such initiatives implicitly claim an epistemic superiority that the supposed victims of disinformation tend not to recognize highlights the value of approaches more receptive to the idea of epistemic equality. The following article investigates the usefulness of a means of intersubjective knowledge as accessible as it is frequently ignored or challenged by scientists: the common sense. I will argue in favor of the hypothesis that common sense can help spontaneously detect disinformation interventions of a specific variety.
References
Amazeen, M. A. (2019). Practitioner perceptions: Critical junctures and the global emergence and challenges of fact checking. International Communication Gazette, 81(6–8), 541–561. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048518817674
Astor, M. (2019, februarie 26). How the Politically Unthinkable Can Become Mainstream. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2019/ 02/26/us/politics/overton window democrats.html
Bloțiu, S. (2017, februarie 15). Reacțiile românilor față de exagerarea lui Tolontan îți arată că oamenii nu se mai lasă manipulați. Vice. Consultat la adresa: https://www.vice.com/ ro/article/pgxbe9/reactiile romanilor la radiatiile lui tolontan
Burns, K. (2016). Judges, ‘common sense’ and judicial cognition. Griffith Law Review, 25(3), 319–351. https://doi.org/10.1080/10383441.2016.1259536
Cavaliere, P. (2020). From journalistic ethics to fact checking practices: Defining the standards of content governance in the fight against disinformation. Journal of Media Law, 12(2), 133–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/17577632.2020.1869486
Chorna, S. (2022, mai 24). In Kherson region, russists raped six year old girl with a teaspoon, two year old twin brothers died after being raped. Голос України [Vocea Ukrainei]. Disponibil la adresa: http://www.golos.com.ua/article/360464
Christensen, C. (2011). Twitter Revolutions? Addressing Social Media and Dissent. The Communication Review, 14(3), 155–157. https://doi.org/10.1080/10714421.2011.597235
Clinton, H. (2010). Remarks on Internet Freedom. The Newseum. Consultat la adresa: https://2009 2017.state.gov/secretary/20092013clinton/rm/2010/01/135519.htm
Descartes, R. (1957). Discurs asupra metodei (trad. Cr. Totoescu). București: Editura Științifică.
Deutsch, K. W. (1959). The Limits of Common Sense. Psychiatry, 22(2), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.1959.11023164
Direcția Națională Anticorupție. (2015, martie 10). Comunicat Nr. 476/VIII/3. Retrieved November 1, 2023, from https://www.pna.ro/faces/comunicat.xhtml?id=6039
Dobbs, M. (2012). The Rise of Political Fact checking [Media Policy Initiative Research Paper]. New America Foundation. Consultat la adresa: https://www.issuelab.org/ resources/15318/15318.pdf
Faris, D. M. (2012). Beyond ‘Social Media Revolutions’. The Arab Spring and the Networked Revolt. Politique etrangere, (1), 99–109.
Female media workers call on Lyudmila Denisova to abstain from detailed descriptions when informing the public about rape. (2022, May 25). Institute of Mass Information. Consultat la adresa: https://imi.org.ua/en/news/female media workers call on lyudmila denisova to abstain from detailed descriptions when informing i45763
Fernandez, J. M. (2020). Journalists and Confidential Sources: Colliding Public Interests in the Age of the Leak. Routledge.
Galca, B. (2021, aprilie 11). DISTRUGEREA JUDECATORULUI CCR – Inalta Curte desira fir cu fir inscenarea procurorilor DNA Doru Tulus, Marius Vartic si Claudiu Dumitrescu impotriva fostului judecator CCR Toni Grebla, executat pentru ca nu a facut sluj in fata SRI: „Sustinerile inculpatilor sunt credibile si nu au fost inlaturate de nicio o alta proba... Denuntul formulat si declaratiile date in fata instantei de control judiciar nu sunt sustinute de niciun mijloc de proba” (Decizia). Lumea Justiției. Consultat la adresa: https://www.luju.ro/distrugerea judecatorului ccr inalta curte desira fir cu fir inscenarea procurorilor dna doru tulus marius vartic si claudiu dumitrescu impotriva fostului judecator ccr toni grebla executat pentru ca nu a facut sluj in fata sri sustinerile inculpatilor su
Gherasim Proca, O. (2011). „Revoluţiile Web 2.0” şi miturile democratizării digitale. Revista de Informatică Socială, 8(15), 68–73.
Gherasim Proca, O. (2018). Anti corruption protests and political crisis. A contextual analysis. In O. Gherasim Proca (Ed.), Borders, Barriers and Protest Culture (pp. 19–44). Iași: Editura Universității „Alexandru Ioan Cuza”.
Gherasim Proca, O. (2022). Reprezentări antropologice fictive ale specificului național în eseurile politice românești post socialiste—Două exemple. Analele Ştiinţifice Ale Universităţii „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” Din Iaşi. Ştiinţe Politice, 17(1), 5–25. https://doi.org/ 10.47743/saps 2022 1701
Hale, H. E. (2013). Did the Internet Break the Political Machine? Moldova’s 2009 ‘Twitter Revolution that Wasn’t’, Demokratizatsiya, 21(4), 481.
Kramer, A. D. I., Guillory, J. E., & Hancock, J. T. (2014). Experimental evidence of massive scale emotional contagion through social networks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(24), 8788–8790. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas. 1320040111
McAllister, J. W. (2023). Common sense and the difference between natural and human sciences. Inquiry, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020174X.2023.2240430
Molloy, D. (2022, august 26). Zuckerberg tells Rogan FBI warning prompted Biden laptop story censorship. BBC News. Consultat la adresa: https://www.bbc.com/news/ world us canada 62688532
Morar, D. (2022). Putea sa fie altcumva: O istorie subiectiva a justitiei după 1990. Bucharest: Humanitas.
Morozov, E. (2009). Iran: Downside to the „Twitter Revolution.” Dissent, 56(4), 10–14.
Prelipceanu, M. (14 februarie 2017). Radiații de 200.000 de ori mai mari decât dozele admise au fost măsurate la 100 de metri de mulțimea din Piața Victoriei! (Gazeta Sporturilor), Radio France International România, https://www.rfi.ro/presa romaneasca 93076 radiatii mari piata victoriei gazeta sporturilor.
Rozenheimer, P., Moissenko, V., & Polezhaka, S. (2022, octombrie 6). Did these gold teeth really come from victims of torture? Bild. Consultat la adresa: https://www.bild.de/ politik/international/bild international/did these gold teeth really come from victims of torture 81536330.bild.html
Sokol, S. (2022, octombrie 6). Russia Ran a „mini Auschwitz” in Recently Liberated Ukrainian City, Ministry Says. Haaretz. Consultat la adresa: https://www.haaretz.com/ world news/europe/2022 10 06/ty article/.highlight/russia ran a mini auschwitz in recently liberated ukrainian city ministry says/00000183 acaf d57e a79f efffdad50000
Stan, S. (2015, martie 10). Fostul judecător al CC, Toni Greblă, reţinut pentru că ar fi încercat să vândă 50 de capre care nu erau ale lui. RFI România. Consultat la adresa: https://www.rfi.ro/social 76452 fostul judecator al cc toni grebla retinut pentru ca ar fi incercat sa vanda 50 de
“This will not help us defeat the enemy” A new report looks at Ukrainian Ombudsman Lyudmyla Denisova, who was fired after officials couldn’t confirm her stories of rape committed by Russian soldiers. (2022, iunie 28). Meduza. Consultat la adresa: https://meduza.io/en/feature/2022/06/28/we work on the information front
Thomas, D. (1978). Sociology and common sense. Inquiry, 21(1–4), 1–32. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00201747808601838
Toma, M. (2022, octombrie 5). Ministerul ucrainean al Apărării, după descoperirea unei noi camere de tortură în regiunea Harkov: „Mini Auschwitz! Măști de gaze și o cutie cu dinți de aur smulși de la prizonieri”. Libertatea. Consultat la adresa: https://www.libertatea.ro/stiri/ministerul ucrainean al apararii dupa descoperirea unei noi camere de tortura in regiunea harkov mini auschwitz masti de gaze si o cutie cu dinti de aur smulsi de la prizonieri 4302234
Toni Greblă, suspectat de sprijin pentru exporturi ilegale în Rusia. Un general în rezervă și un om de afaceri au fost audiați la DNA. (22 ianuarie 2015). Consultat la adresa: https://www.digi24.ro/stiri/actualitate/justitie/toni grebla suspectat de sprijin pentru exporturi ilegale in rusia un general in rezerva si un om de afaceri au fost audiati la dna 350129
Vinhas, O., & Bastos, M. (2022). Fact Checking Misinformation: Eight Notes on Consensus Reality. Journalism Studies, 23(4), 448–468. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 1461670X.2022.2031259
Wallace Wells, B. (2023, ianuarie 11). What the Twitter Files Reveal About Free Speech and Social Media. The New Yorker. Consultat la adresa: https://www.newyorker.com/ news/the political scene/what the twitter files reveal about free speech and social media
