SELF-ADVOCACY OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47743/asas-2024-1-764Keywords:
persons with disabilities, self-advocacy, human rights, inclusive policiesAbstract
The article delves into the concept of self-advocacy among persons with disabilities and its significance within the framework of international human rights standards. It analyses the legislation and policies of the Republic of Moldova to demonstrate how they establish conditions for the self-advocacy of persons with disabilities. The recently initiated process of accession to the European Union by the Republic of Moldova has implications for the country's approach to the rights of persons with disabilities. Consequently, the article also offers insights into the standards and legal provisions of the European Union that affect the self-advocacy of persons with disabilities. The article employs the method of documentary analysis to investigate relevant scientific publications and to scrutinize the legal frameworks at both the national and international levels that are relevant to the rights of persons with disabilities, enabling their self-advocacy and participation. The article concludes that Moldovan legislation is aligned with international standards on the rights of persons with disabilities, providing a robust legal basis for their self-advocacy. However, the effectiveness of self-advocacy depends on how actively involved persons with disabilities are in promoting their own interests. Additionally, it depends on whether decision-makers make media and information easily accessible to them, thus enabling their full and meaningful participation.
References
AOPD, Alianța Organizațiilor pentru Persoane cu Dizabilități din Republica Moldova. 2024. Istoria AOPD. Accesat July 4, 2024. https://aopd.md/istoria-aliantei/.
Callus, A.M. 2013. Becoming self-advocates. People with intellectual disability seeking a voice. Bern: Peter Lang AG.
Cancelaria de Stat. 2017. „Adaptarea Agendei de Dezvoltare Durabilă 2030 la contextul Republicii Moldova.” https://cancelaria.gov.md/sites/default/files/adaptarea_agendei_2030_rom_0.pdf.
Cobley, D. 2023. Disability and International Development: A Guide for Students and Practitioners. Routledge.
Cojocaru, N. 2019. „Abordări conceptuale ale auto-reprezentării persoanelor cu dizabilități.” Moldoscopie Nr. 4(87): 126-135. doi:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587420.
Convenţia ONU privind drepturile persoanelor cu dizabilităţi.” 2010 Vol. 126-128. Monitorul Oficial. https://www.legis.md/cautare/getResults?doc_id=1.
CRPD. 2010 Convenţia ONU privind drepturile persoanelor cu dizabilităţi. 09 07. https://www.legis.md/cautare/getResults?doc_id=1.
EU Directive 1808 . 2018. „Audiovisual Media Services Directive.” https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2018/1808/oj.
EU Directive 2102. 2016. „Web Accessibility Directive https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2016/2102/oj.”
EU Directive 882. 2019. „EU European Accessibility Act.” https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2019/882/oj.
European Commission. 2021. „Union of Equality: Strategy for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2021-2030.” Brussels. https://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?catId=738&langId=en&pubId=8376&furtherPubs=yes.
Goodley, D. 2004. Dis/ability studies: theorizing disablism and ableism. New York: Routledge.
Gray, B, și R Jackson. 2002. Advocacy and Learning Disability. London: Jessica Kingsley.
Hotarâre Guvern 953. 2022. „Cu privire la aprobarea cadrului național de monitorizare a implementării Agendei de Dezvoltare Durabilă 2030.” 28 12. https://www.legis.md/cautare/getResults?doc_id=135555&lang=ro.
Guvernul Republicii Moldova. 2017. „Cu privire la aprobarea Programului național de incluziune socială pentru anii 2017-2022.” https://www.legis.md/cautare/getResults?doc_id=101863&lang=ro.
Inclusion Europe. 2021. Information for all: European standards for making information easy to read and understand. https://www.inclusion-europe.eu/easy-to-read-standards-guidelines/.
Lege 169-XVIII 2010-privind aprobarea Strategiei de incluziune socială a persoanelor cu dizabilităţi 2010-2013.” https://www.legis.md/cautare/getResults?doc_id=24024&lang=ro.
Legea 60 2012- Privind incluziunea socială a persoanelor cu dizabilităţi.” https://www.legis.md/cautare/getResults?doc_id=139006&lang=ro.
Lee, V., Perez Bello, J.I. 2024. „Bridging the Gap: Harnessing the Synergies Between the CRPD and the SDG Monitoring Frameworks.” În Handbook of Disability. Critical Thought and Social Change in a Globalizing World, editor M.H Rioux, A Buettgen, E Zubrow și J Viera, 643-662. Springer.
Lege 315. 2022. „Pentru aprobarea Strategiei naționale de dezvoltare „Moldova Europeană 2030”.” 17 11. https://www.legis.md/cautare/getResults?doc_id=134582&lang=ro .
Munteanu, P. 2018. „Incluziunea socială a persoanelor cu dizabilități în Republica Moldova din perspectiva valorizării rolurilor sociale.” Teză de doctor. Chișinău.
NBS, National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova. 2023. Number of persons with disabilities in the Republic of Moldova in 2022. Accesat July 4, 2024. https://statistica.gov.md/en/number-of-persons-with-disabilities-in-the-republic-of-moldova-9460_60822.html.
Observații Finale ONU. 2017. „Observațiile finale ale Comitetului ONU pentru drepturile persoanelor cu dizabilități referitoare la raportul inițial al Republicii Moldova privind implementarea Convenției ONU pentru drepturile persoanelor cu dizabilități.”
Parlamentul Republicii Moldova. 1990. „Cu privire la aderarea R.S.S. Moldova la Declaraţia Universală a Drepturilor Omului şi ratificarea pactelor internaţionale ale drepturilor omului.” https://www.legis.md/cautare/getResults?doc_id=115563&lang=ro.
Protocol Opțional. 2008. „Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.” https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/optional-protocol-convention-rights-persons-disabilities.
Protocolul opțional la Convenția Organizației Națiunilor Unite privind drepturile persoanelor cu dizabilități.” 2021- https://www.legis.md/cautare/getResults?doc_id=128616&lang=ro.
Pineda, V.S, și S.L Catalano. 2024. „Disability Activism and Advocacy: Introduction.” În Handbook of Disability. Critical Thought and Social Change in a Globalizing World, editor M.H Rioux, A Buettgen, E Zubrow și J Viera, 1431-1439. Springer.
Rapley, M. 2004. The social construction of intellectual disability. Cambridge University Press.
United Nations . 2015. „Transforming our world : the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.” Washington. https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1654217?ln=en&v=pdf.
United Nations. 2006. „Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.” https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/convention-rights-persons-disabilities.
United Nations. 1948. „Universal Declaration of Human Rights.” https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/2021/03/udhr.pdf.
Whitehead, T.D., și J Bernard. 2004. Exploring Self Advocacy from a Social Power Perspective. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. https://books.google.md/books?id=mmuuoXeS_UgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=editions:bQGn3Mi0gPYC&hl=en&sa=X.
